The Friendly Wild Animals Of Kenya

All the beautiful animals spotted during a safari drive in the game parks of Kenya are wild. But some of those beasts are less so and even very friendly towards human beings. Two of such approachable animals in the wild are the greater kudu and the sitatunga.

The greater kudu

The longest-horned and tallest of the antelopes, the kudu, weighs around 600 pounds. It is known for its narrow-shaped body, large ears, long legs and brown coat with white torso stripes. Males are different from females because of their impressive six feet long spiral horns and fringe under their chins. Both the lesser and greater kudu have distinct spots and stripes covering their bodies. These distinctive markings camouflage them and protect them from predators. If threatened, they stand still and are extremely difficult to spot. They can also jump over 8 feet. These animals occur throughout Kenya in mixed woodlands, hills, bushlands and mountains. It eats leaves, flowers and fruits. They can live up to eight years. Females form small groups of 10 individuals and their young. Male kudus are solitary, but sometimes form teams of their own. The male is rarely aggressive in the wild, and their hierarchy depends on age and size. They join the females only during breeding season. These creatures are becoming very rare in some areas due to habitat loss, hunting, predation and disease. Human beings are converting much of their habitat to farmlands. Some people hunt it for its unique twisting horns and its hide. Hyenas, wild dogs and big cats also hunt the greater kudu.

Topographical body features

Coloration of the greater kudus varies individually and geographically. Males are chocolate brown to gray-brown, while females are bright to brown chestnut, and calves are rufous-red, spotted, striped and woolly coated. Adults are long coated with characteristic whitish marks on the ears, face, cheeks, body, feet and legs. Females are considerably smaller than males. The horns of the males are characterized by ivory tips and two twists.

Male female characteristics

Female greater kudus tend to form herds. Males are polygynous who associate together or with the opposite sex only until they are sub adults. When they turn to adults, they avoid each other. Males bark at night, as an alarm signal to announce their location. The bark of the females is higher pitched than the males. A suppressed roar is uttered by a male who follows the female.






Sitatunga in wetlands

The sitatunga is a semiaquatic, non-territorial, semi-social and sedentary animal that occurs only in permanent marshes or swamps. Partial to phragmites and papyrus within swamps, they also live in wetlands dominated by reeds, sedges and bulrushes. They frequent the innermost parts of the marshes. Swamps are productive ecosystems, and the animals can live at very high densities. They lie on platforms of vegetation that they prepare by repeated trampling and circling. They are active both nocturnally and diurnally and may move along established pathways into the marshes at night.

Food consumption behavior

Sitatunga Source: African wildlife

Browsing takes place in both swamp and dry land. They often come out at night from swamplands to browse on foliage and creepers in nearby dry land and adjacent forests. But they feed at any hour where they feel protected. Feeding activity only happens in a small area for many days; then they shift to new grounds. They feed while immersed and move slowly through the vegetation. At times, they elevate the hind legs while immersing the forelegs. Sitatunga selects flowering stage plants. They may rear to reach tall reeds, grasses, sedges and foliage, and the males break branches with their horns. A sitatunga when feeding on long leaves wraps its tongue around them, pushes them into its mouth, and cuts them with its incisors. Alchornea, which is common in Lake Victoria, is a favorite for sitatunga. They also ruminate in the water.

Adapted water runner

Sitatungas are usually inconspicuous, clumsy and slow land runners. But they are good swimmers and their plunging run in the water works well. They exhibit elongation of the hooves with a wide splay and naked pad like design. Their splayed and broad hooves keep them from sinking in the ground as deeply as other animals.  Also, this swamp-dwelling antelope possesses great flexibility of the feet joints representing adaptations for walking on marshy and boggy ground.

Manner of mating

Breeding occurs throughout the year

Source: Britannica

Breeding occurs throughout the year. A male approaches the female in a low stretch posture while she may back away slowly. When he comes within a few inches of her, she suddenly bounds away. Then a considerable commotion is caused in the swamp. The male continues to follow her, but always stays behind. When the male gets an opportunity, it lays his head on the female’s back while lifting his forelegs off the ground. The female responds with her neck winding and angling it down obliquely and turning her head sharply up, forward and then backward with her mouth wide open. At this moment, the male mounts on her back. This mounting attempt is characteristic of the sitatunga.

The calf’s life

The average gestation period is 247 days. Females produce a single calf at an average interval of 12 months. The mothers keep their calves hidden on platforms in secluded dry reeds that grow in deep water. The way the mother teaches the calf to stand on its own feet and fend for itself is fascinating. First, the mother licks the young’s snout before moving away. Then the calf follows the mother, and she guides it to a protected place to suckle. Calves follow their mothers this way for several months as they are unable to move deliberately like adults through the swamp. Sexual maturity of a calf is attained at approximately 1 year by both males and females.

       Fighting for survival

Sitata

Sitata Source: African wildlife foundation

Wild dogs and lions prey on sitatungas. Leopards catch some that venture into the forest. Sitatungas are also vulnerable to snare-trappers because of their use of regular pathways. Beaters even drive them into deep water or into nets where spearmen in boats dispatch them.

 

 

 

Frequently Asked Questions About The Friendly Wild Animals Of Kenya

What is a kudu?
A kudu belongs to the family of antelope and are found in southern and eastern Africa. The lesser kudu and the greater kudu are the types of kudu. They have impressive horns. They use them to fight with mating competitors and to display it to their mates. They feed on fruits, shoots, and leaves. Kudus are an important prey for leopards and lions.

What is a sitatunga?
A sitatunga is found in Africa and mostly live in wetland habitats. Their elongated hooves have uniquely adapted to the aquatic habitat. These hooves help them move through marshy land, and their waterproof fur allows them to dive and swim in water. The males are taller than the females and both have spiraled, curved horns that grow very long. Sitatungas are herbivores and they feed on plants found in aquatic habitat. They are adapted to water and remain submerged there for a long time to avoid predators. Sitatungas are a vulnerable species, threatened by degradation and loss of wetland areas, which are converted for human settlements.

”What

What are the threats to sitatungas?
The main threats to sitatungas are habitat loss and degradation. Wetland habitats are under threat from human activities such as agriculture, logging, mining, and infrastructure development, which can result in the loss, fragmentation, and degradation of sitatunga habitats. Hunting is another threat to sitatungas. They are hunted for their meat, hides, and horns, which are used in traditional medicine and for decoration. Apart from the above climate change, human conflict, and invasive species are also threats to sitatungas. Moreover, sitatungas are susceptible to various diseases, some of which can be transmitted by livestock and other domestic animals that come into contact with them.

What are the threats to kudus?
Kudus live in savannas, forests, and woodlands. These habitat are under threat due to agriculture, infrastructure development, and logging. Fragmentation can also increase their vulnerability. Moreover, kudus are hunted for their meat, hides, and horns, which are highly valued in traditional medicine and for decoration. Poaching pressure is particularly high in areas with weak law enforcement and high demand for wildlife products. Kudus can also come into conflict with humans, particularly in areas where their habitat is adjacent to human settlements, resulting in crop damage, retaliatory killings, and habitat destruction. Apart from the above threats, changes in climate patterns can alter the availability and quality of kudu habitats, affect the distribution and abundance of their prey, and increase the risk of disease outbreaks.
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